Which court case affirmed that school administrators need a constitutional justification for limiting a student's First Amendment rights?

The case that affirms the need for school administrators to provide constitutional justification when limiting a student's First Amendment rights is Tinker v. Des Moines Independent School District. This landmark decision established that students do not "shed their constitutional rights to freedom of speech or expression at the schoolhouse gate."

The Tinker case involved students who wore black armbands to protest the Vietnam War, and the Supreme Court ruled that their symbolic speech was protected under the First Amendment, as long as it did not disrupt the educational process. The ruling emphasized that schools cannot restrict student expression without a clear and compelling justification, thereby establishing a precedent for ensuring students' rights are respected in educational settings.

The other cases listed each address different aspects of student rights or school authority but do not set the same standard for the need for constitutional justification concerning First Amendment rights as Tinker does. For instance, Morse v. Frederick dealt with a student's right to free speech in a specific context of promoting illegal drug use, while Minarcini v. Strongsville City School District focused on the censorship of books. Right to Read Defense Committee v. School Committee of Chelsea involved issues of censorship in educational materials but not the broad application of First Amendment rights as established in Tinker.