What does CIP refer to in the context of a book?

CIP stands for Cataloging in Publication. This is a program initiated by the U.S. Library of Congress that provides a set of bibliographic data for books before they are published. The purpose of CIP is to help libraries and bookstores order and catalog new publications more effectively.

When a publisher applies for CIP data, they submit specific details about the book, such as the title, author, publisher, publication date, and other necessary bibliographic information. This data is then made available in advance of the book's release, allowing libraries to include the information in their catalogs right away, facilitating the organization and access of new materials for patrons.

This system is extremely beneficial for libraries, as it provides them with the tools needed to integrate new books into their collections as soon as they are available, improving accessibility for users. The other options listed do not accurately describe the CIP process or its function within library science.